[Elizabeth firstier]

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what is Alzheimer’s disease?
Alzheimer’s disease is a brain disorder that gets worse over time. It is characterized by changes in the brain that lead to deposits of some proteins. Alzheimer’s disease causes the brain to shrink and eventually die. Alzheimer’s disease is the most common cause of dementia; It is a gradual deterioration in memory, thinking ability, behavioral and social skills. These changes can affect a person’s ability to function.

Alzheimer’s and statistics around the world:
In the United States, about 6.5 million people with Alzheimer’s disease age 65 and older live. Of these, more than 70% are aged 75 years or older. An estimated 60% to 70% of the approximately 55 million people with dementia worldwide have Alzheimer’s disease.
Early indicators of the disease include forgetting recent events or conversations. Over time, it progresses to cause serious memory problems and loss of the ability to perform daily tasks.
Medications may temporarily improve symptoms of the disease or slow its progression. Programs and services can also help support people with the disease and their caregivers.
There is no treatment that cures Alzheimer’s disease. In advanced stages, severe deterioration in brain function leads to dehydration, malnutrition or infection. These complications can lead to death.

What are the symptoms that appear in an Alzheimer’s patient?
Memory loss is the main symptom of Alzheimer’s disease. Early indicators of the disease include difficulty remembering recent events or conversations. As the disease progresses, memory deteriorates and other symptoms appear.
Initially, a person with the disease may be aware of having difficulty remembering things and thinking clearly. As symptoms worsen, it is very likely that a family member or friend will notice the problems.

What are the characteristics of a patient with Alzheimer’s disease?
Everyone has memory lapses from time to time, but the memory loss associated with Alzheimer’s disease persists and gets worse. Over time, memory loss affects the ability to perform functions at work or at home.
People with Alzheimer’s may:

Repeating the same phrases and questions a lot.
Forgetting conversations, appointments, or events.
Misplacing things, often putting them in illogical places.
Getting lost in places they knew well.
Eventually forgetting the names of family members and everyday objects.
Having difficulty finding the right words to describe things, express ideas, or participate in conversations.

Changes in personality and behavior

Brain changes associated with Alzheimer’s disease can affect mood and behavior. Problems may include:

Depression.

Loss of interest in activities.

Social withdrawal.

Mood swings.

Loss of trust in others.

Anger or aggressive behavior.

Changes in sleeping habits.

Rave.

Loss of self-control.

Delusions, such as believing that something has been stolen.

What are the causes of Alzheimer’s disease?
The exact causes of Alzheimer’s disease are still not fully understood. But basically, there are proteins in the brain that do not function normally. This causes disruption in the functioning of brain cells – also known as neurons – and leads to a series of problems: Nerve cells become damaged, lose communication with each other, and eventually die.
Scientists believe that most people develop Alzheimer’s disease due to a combination of genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors that affect the brain over time. In less than 1% of cases, Alzheimer’s disease is caused by certain genetic changes that make it mostly inevitable. In these cases, the disease usually begins in middle age.
The development of the disease begins several years before the first symptoms appear. The damage often begins in the area of ​​the brain that controls memory. The neuron loss then spreads to other areas of the brain in a fairly predictable pattern. When the late stages of the disease are reached, the brain shrinks significantly.
Researchers trying to understand the cause of Alzheimer’s disease focus on the role of two types of proteins:

Plaques. Beta amyloid protein is part of a larger protein. It seems that when these parts come together, they have a toxic effect on nerve cells, disrupting communication between brain cells. These aggregates form larger deposits called amyloid plaques that contain other cell debris.

The knits. Tau proteins play a role in the internal support and transport system in brain cells to carry nutrients and other necessary materials. In Alzheimer’s disease, tau proteins change shape and organize into shapes called neurofibrillary tangles. The granules obstruct the transport system and cause cell damage.

Do family history and genes play a role in developing Alzheimer’s disease?

Your risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease increases slightly if a first-degree relative — such as your parents or siblings — has the disease. How genes that run in families affect risk is still largely unknown, and genetic factors are often complex.
A better understood genetic factor is a form of the apolipoprotein E gene. One form of the gene, APOE e4, increases the risk of Alzheimer’s disease. About 25% to 30% of people carry the APOE e4 gene. But not everyone who has this form of the gene is required to develop the disease.
Scientists have discovered rare changes that occur in three genes, which greatly confirm the possibility of a person inheriting one of them suffering from Alzheimer’s disease. But these changes are responsible for less than 1% of cases of Alzheimer’s disease.

Does the number of people with Alzheimer’s differ according to gender?

There are more women affected by this disease overall because they tend to live longer compared to men.

Are football players more susceptible to Alzheimer’s?

Several large studies have shown that the risk of dementia and Alzheimer’s disease is increased among people age 50 and older who have experienced a traumatic brain injury. The risk increases further among people who have suffered traumatic brain injuries, and these injuries were multiple, such as football players, or more serious. Some studies indicate that the risk may be maximum during the first six months and up to two years after infection.

Is air pollution a factor that causes Alzheimer’s?

Animal studies have found that airborne pollution particles may accelerate nervous system breakdown. Human studies have shown that exposure to air pollution – especially pollution from car exhaust and wood burning – is associated with an increased risk of dementia.

Is drinking alcohol a factor in Alzheimer’s disease?

It has long been known that consuming large amounts of alcohol causes changes in the brain. Many large-scale studies and reviews have found an association between alcohol use disorders and an increased risk of dementia, specifically early dementia.
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Lifestyle and heart health

Research has shown that the same risk factors associated with heart disease may also increase the risk of dementia. But it’s not clearly known whether these factors increase the risk of dementia by worsening changes in the brain caused by Alzheimer’s disease or by causing blood vessel changes in the brain. Such as:

Lack of exercise.

Obesity.

Smoking or exposure to secondhand smoke.

• This topic was modified 1 year, 7 months ago by Elizabeth firstier.

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